Discovering Tut the Saga Continues Grade 11 English Chapter 3 Summary, Explanation and Answer to Question (2023)

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CBSE Class 11 English Hornbill Book Chapter 3 Discovering Tut Summary, Explanation with Video and Question Answers

Tut discover: The saga continues –CBSE Class 11 English(Hornbill Book) Lesson 3Discovering Tut the Saga Continues Summaryand Detailed explanation of the lesson along with the meaning of difficult words. Also, the explanation is followed by a summary of the lesson.
All exercises and questions and answers at the end of the lesson have been covered. Also take a free online MCQs test for11th grade

Class 11 English Hornbill Chapter 3

Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues von A.R.Williams

• Discovering Tut the Saga Continuation of the introduction
• Discovering Tut the Saga Continuation of the video explanation
• Discovering Tut the Saga Continues Summary
• Discovering Tut the Saga Continues Summary in Hindi
• Discovering Tut the Saga Lesson outline continued
• Discovering Tut the Saga Continues Question Answers

Discovering Tut: the Saga Continues Introduction to the lesson

Written by A.R. Williams, this chapter is about the last heir to the powerful dynasty of pharaohs, Tutankhamen, who died in his teens after having reigned for nine years. He died mysteriously, this chapter sheds light on all sorts of mysteries - the curse, where his grave is, his life and finally death. The Egyptians believe that there is life after death and that is why the pharaohs were buried with wealth and everyday necessities.

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Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues Class 11 Video Explanation

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Important video links

Discovering Tut the Saga Continues Summary

Discovering Tut: the Saga Continues is a chapter that gives us an in-depth look at Tutankhamen, the last ruler of the powerful Pharaonic dynasty in Egypt. He was a teenager when he died and his death was a mystery. Some speculated that he was assassinated.
He reigned in Egypt and its empire for centuries. In 1922 his tomb was discovered by Howard Carter, a British archaeologist. After 80 years, he has been plucked from his resting place for a CT scan offering to solve the mystery of his life and death through a forensic reconstruction.
Tut's father or grandfather, Amenhotep III, was a very powerful pharaoh who reigned for forty years. His son, Amenhotep IV, raised him up and began the strangest period in Egyptian history.
He promoted the worship of Aten (the sun disk). He changed his name to Akhenaten, which means "servant of Aten". He also moved the religious capital from Thebes to the new city of Akhenaten, called Amarna.
He also attacked Amun, a god, smashed his images and closed his temples. Another mysterious ruler succeeded him, who soon died. Next, Tutankhamun, also known as Tut, sat on the throne and ruled for nine years. He worshiped the god Amun in the old way. However, he died mysteriously.
When Tut's mummified body was discovered, it was loaded with lots of gold, wealth, and everyday items such as a bronze razor, games, clothes, cases of food, and wine. Carter discovered him after years of searching.
After researching the treasures, he decided to examine his three nested coffins. Some parts of the Tut treasures in the tomb have already been looted.
His tomb was carved into a rock 26 feet underground that had mural paintings. On the outer coffin, Tut's face was gilded. In the first coffin he found the garlands of olives, lotus leaves and cornflowers. It showed that he was buried in March or April. The third and final coffin got Carter in trouble.
The resins used to cement Tut to the bottom of the massive gold coffin were so hardened that it was impossible to move. He placed the coffin in the sun for several hours hoping the resins would come off, but it didn't work. Finally he removed the resins with the help of a chisel and hammer.
Carter felt he had no choice because if he hadn't cut the mummy limb by limb, thieves would have looted the gold. His men first removed his head, then cut off each joint. After removing the body parts, they placed it in a wooden box on the layer of sand and put it in the original place.
In 1968, the mummy was x-rayed by an anatomy professor, which revealed few facts — his sternum and front ribs were missing.
Later, on January 5, 2009, Tut was taken for a CT (computed tomography) scan, which takes hundreds of X-rays and creates a three-dimensional image. On the night of the scan, workers carried his body out of the tomb in a box.
They climbed ramps and stairs and lifted it onto a hydraulic trailer that carried the scanner. The scanner stopped working, interrupting the process. After using a pair of replacement fans, the scan was finally complete. After three hours, his body was returned to his grave where his body rests in peace.

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Discovering Tut the Saga Continues Summary in Hindi

Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues is a chapter that gives us an in-depth look at Tutankhamun, the last ruler of a powerful dynasty in Egypt. He was a teenager when he died and his death was a mystery. Some speculated that he had been assassinated.

He ruled Egypt and its empire for centuries. In 1922 his tomb was discovered by Howard Carter, a British archaeologist. After 80 years, he was brought from his resting place for a CT scan offering to solve the mystery of his life and death through a forensic reconstruction.

Tut's paternal grandfather, Amenhotep III, was a very powerful king who reigned for forty years. His son, Amenhotep IV, succeeded him and began one of the strangest periods in Egyptian history.

He promoted the worship of Aten (the disk of the sun). He changed his name to Akhenaten, which means servant of Atenes. He also moved the religious capital from Thebes to Akhenaten's new city called Amarna.

He also attacked Amun, a deity, smashed his images and closed his temples. He was succeeded by another mysterious ruler who died soon after. After that, Tutankhamun, also known as Tut, ascended the throne and ruled for nine years. They worshiped the god Amun in the old way. However, he died mysteriously.

When Tut's mummified body was discovered, it was buried with lots of gold, money, and everyday items such as a bronze razor, games, clothing, food, and wine. After years of searching, Carter found him.

After researching the treasure, he decided to examine its three nested coffins. Some of Tut's treasures in the tomb had already been plundered.

His tomb was 26 feet underground, carved into the rock, with mural paintings. On the outer coffin, Tut's face was gilded. In the first coffin they found garlands of olives, lotus flowers and cornflowers. This indicated that he was buried in March or April. The third and final coffin got Carter in trouble.

The resins used to cement Tut to the bottom of the massive gold coffin had become so hard it was impossible to move. They left the coffin in the sun for several hours in hopes of loosening the resins, but it didn't work. Finally he removed the resins with the help of a chisel and hammer.
Carter felt that if he had not dissected the mummy limb to limb, he had no choice but for the thieves to have looted the gold. His men first removed his head, then amputated every joint. After removing the body parts, they put them in a wooden box on a layer of sand and put them in the original place.

In 1968, the mummy was x-rayed by an anatomy professor, which revealed some facts - her breastbone and front ribs were missing.

Later, on January 5, 2009, Tut was taken for a CT (computed tomography) scan, which takes hundreds of X-rays and creates a three-dimensional image. On the night of the scan, workers carried her body out of the grave in a box.
They climbed ramps and stairs and lifted it onto a hydraulic trailer that contained the scanner. The scanner stopped working, causing the process to stop. Finally scanned after using a few extra fans. After three hours, his body was returned to his grave where his body rests peacefully.

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Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues Lesson and Explanation

He was still a teenager when he died. The last heir to a powerful family that had ruled Egypt and its empire for centuries, he was buried laden with gold and eventually forgotten. Ever since his tomb was discovered in 1922, the modern world has speculated as to what happened to him, with murder being the most extreme possibility. Now, after leaving his tomb for the first time in nearly 80 years, Tut has undergone a CT scan that provides new clues about his life and death - and provides precise data for an accurate forensic reconstruction of the boyish pharaoh.

Heir - heir, successor
Loaded - loaded
Speculate - form a theory without evidence
Tomb - an enclosure for burying the dead
Forensic reconstruction – the process of reconstructing a person's face
Pharaoh - a ruler in ancient Egypt

Tutankhamun, also known as Tut, was a teenager when he died. He was the last successor to his powerful dynasty of pharaohs that ruled Egypt and its empire for centuries. He was laid to rest heavily laden with gold. His grave was discovered in 1922, leading the world to question what had happened to him and if he had been murdered? After nearly 80 years, his body was scheduled to undergo a CT scan that would provide new information and clues about his life and death. His face would be reconstructed using a process called forensic reconstruction.

A furious wind blew up spooky dust fiends as King Tut was fetched from his resting place in the ancient Egyptian cemetery known as the Valley of the Kings*. Dark-bellied clouds had streaked across the desert sky all day, now cloaking the stars in casket gray. It was 6 p.m. on January 5, 2005. The world's most famous mummy slid head first into a CT scanner brought here to examine the remaining medical secrets of this little-understood young ruler, who died more than 3,300 years ago.

Stirred - move or allow to move slightly
Spooky - eerie and unnatural; unreal
Resting place - here the grave
Cemetery - a large cemetery
Dark belly - dark in color
Slid across - moving fast; it refers to the movement of the dark-bellied clouds
Concealment - to cover something up
Casket – a small jewelry box or chest for storing jewels, letters, or other valuable items.
Casket Gray - It means that the gray clouds were like a gray casket containing the stars. The stars are like jewels kept in a casket.
Glided - smooth, continuous movement
Probing – investigating, finding out
Lingering - long lasting

A swift, strange, and unnatural wind was blowing as King Tut's body was taken out of his tomb called "Valleys of the Kings," an ancient Egyptian cemetery (the location of the Valley of the Kings is indicated in the image). Dark clouds moved rapidly across the desert throughout the day and later covered the stars. At 6:00 p.m. on January 5, 2005, the mummy of King Tut, the most famous mummy in the world, was placed in the CT scanner to investigate the mystery behind his death, which occurred more than 3,300 years ago.

All afternoon, the usual line of tourists from around the world had descended into the narrow rock-cut tomb some 26 feet below ground to pay their respects. They gazed at the murals on the walls of the burial chamber and gazed at Tut's gilded face, the most striking feature of his mummy-shaped outer coffin lid. Some visitors whisper from guidebooks. Others stood in silence, perhaps contemplating Tut's early death in his late teens, or wondering with a shudder if the pharaoh's curse—death or misfortune that befell those who disturbed him—was really true.

Dismounted - moved or collected
Narrow - very small to fit in
Rock-Cut - made in a rock by cutting it
Gazed - looking surprised or admiring
Murals – a painting or other work of art executed directly on the wall
Gilded - covered with a thin sheet of gold or a gold coating
Striking - prominent
Whisper - speak in a low voice
Ponder - Think carefully about something

Tourists visited the 26-foot-deep underground rock tomb throughout the afternoon to pay their respects to the king. Many people crowded into the small tomb and admired the murals on the walls of the chamber and looked at Tut's face painted in gold. While visitors read the guidebooks in hushed tones, some stood in silence, marveling at his early death in his teenage years. You may also wonder if the pharaoh's curse, which causes calamity to come upon the person who disturbs him, is true.

"The mummy is in a very bad condition because of what Carter did in the 1920s," said Zahi Hawass, secretary-general of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities, as he bent over the body for a long first look. Carter - that is, Howard Carter - was the British archaeologist who discovered Tut's tomb in 1922 after years of fruitless searching. Its contents, though hastily rummaged through in antiquity, were surprisingly complete. They remain the richest royal collection ever found and have become part of the legend of the pharaoh. Stunning artifacts cast in gold, whose eternal splendor would guarantee the Resurrection, caused a stir at the time of discovery - and still receive the most attention. But Tut was also buried with everyday items he wanted in the afterlife: board games, a bronze razor, linen underwear, boxes of food and wine.

In vain - meaningless; unable to produce the result of anything
Hasty - quick; quickly
ransacked - raid; go through a place to steal or damage something
Antiquity - age, age
Resurrection - restoration of life
Life After Death - Life after death, based on the belief that the essential part of an individual's identity persists until the next life after death of the physical body

When Zahi Hawass, Secretary-General of Egypt, bent over the body to take a look, he said the mummy was in very poor condition, due to what British archaeologist Howard Carter did to it in the 1920s . He discovered King Tut's tomb in 1922 after a long search. The precious treasures of Tut had also been explored before, but surprisingly they were complete. The treasure found at Tut's tomb is the richest yet and has become known as the legend of the pharaoh. It has artifacts in gold that will last forever and are as good as new. Such artifacts still attract attention. Tut was buried with everyday items such as a bronze razor, games, linen underwear, and boxes of food and wine to use in the next life.

After months of carefully recording the pharaoh's burial treasures, Carter began examining his three nested coffins. Opening the first he found a shroud adorned with garlands of willow and olive leaves, wild celery, lotus blossoms and cornflowers, the faded evidence of a March or April burial. However, when he finally reached the mummy, he got into trouble. The ritual resins had hardened, cementing Tut to the bottom of his massive gold coffin. "No legitimate force could move them," Carter later wrote. "What was to be done?"

Burial Treasures – the valuable things with which the king was buried
three nested coffins - three coffins placed one inside the other in decreasing size. The innermost coffin houses the body of the deceased.
Shroud - a piece of cloth in which a dead person is wrapped
Adorned - adorned
Willow garlands - a wreath of flowers and leaves
Mummy - a body of a human or animal ceremonially preserved by removing internal organs, treating with baking soda and resin, and wrapping in bandages.
Ritual - here the resins used in the mummification ceremony
Resins - a sticky, flammable substance that is insoluble in water
Legitimate - reasonable

It took Carter a few months to record the treasures found in Tut's tomb. Then he began examining his three coffins nested one inside the other. In the first coffin he found a piece of cloth decorated with garlands of willow, olive leaves, wild celery, lotus blossoms and cornflowers, suggesting that he had been buried in the months of March or April. By the time he reached the third coffin, he was in trouble. The body had hardened due to the resins that had cemented the body and stuck to the bottom of the coffin, which was made of gold. Carter wondered what to do next, for no force could separate the two.

The sun can hammer down as far south as Egypt and Carter tried to use it to loosen the resins. He sat the mummy outside in blazing sunshine for several hours, which heated it to 149 degrees Fahrenheit. Nothing has moved. He reported with scientific detachment that "the solidified material under the limbs and torso had to be chiseled away before it was possible to lift the king's remains."

Flaming - very hot
Staged – postponed or postponed; a slight movement
Chiseled – to cut something off with a chisel

Carter attempted to loosen the resins by placing the body in the hot sun. He kept the mummy at 149 degrees Fahrenheit for several hours, but it still got stuck. He reported that a chisel could be used to sever the mummy from the limbs and torso so that Tut's body could be removed from the coffin.

In his defense, Carter really had no choice. If he hadn't cut the mummy free, the thieves would surely have gotten past the guards and torn it apart to remove the gold. In Tut's day, kings were fabulously wealthy, and they thought—or hoped—that they could take their riches with them. For his journey into the great afterlife, King Tut was showered with glittering goods: precious collars, inlaid necklaces and bracelets, rings, amulets, a ceremonial apron, sandals, sheaths for his fingers and toes, and the now-iconic inner coffin and mask—all off pure gold. To separate Tut from his jewelry, Carter's men removed the mummy's head and severed nearly all major joints. When they were done, they reassembled the remains on a layer of sand in a wooden box with padding to hide the damage, the bed Tut now rests on.

bypassed - find a way; Thieves found a way to attack the guards and remove the gold from the tomb
Marquetry - a decorative pattern on a surface
Amulet – a trinket or small trinket believed to protect against evil, danger, or disease.
Apron – a protective garment worn over the front of clothing and tied at the back.
Covers – a tight-fitting cover
Iconic - something or someone that is a symbol or represents something else
Adornments – ornaments
Hidden - hidden

According to Carter, he had no choice but to cut up the mummy. He believed that if he had not done so, thieves would have removed the gold from the tomb and looted it. During the time of Tut, the royal people were very wealthy and they believed that they could take wealth with them after death. For his afterlife he received precious collars, necklaces with decorative designs, bracelets, rings, amulets, ceremonial aprons, sandals, sheaths for fingers and toes, and now an iconic inner coffin and mask. His men removed his head and every joint of his body. After they were done, they reassembled the remains in a wooden box, the padding of which was filled with a layer of sand to hide the damage. It was his new resting place.

Archeology has changed significantly over the past few decades, focusing less on treasures and more on the intriguing details of life and the intriguing mysteries of death. It also uses more sophisticated tools, including medical technology. In 1968, more than 40 years after Carter's discovery, an anatomy professor X-rayed the mummy and revealed a startling fact: His sternum and front ribs are missing under the resin covering his chest.

Intervene - occur in the time between events
Exciting – to arouse curiosity
Amazing - unexpected or surprising

In recent decades, archeology has changed as it now focuses on the details of life and the mysteries of death. It used to be about focusing on the treasure. Now it uses more advanced medical technologies and tools for research. In 1968, an anatomy professor X-rayed King Tut's mummy and found that the front limbs and sternum were missing.

Today, diagnostic imaging can be performed using computed tomography, or CT, in which hundreds of X-rays are stitched together in cross section like slices of bread to create a three-dimensional virtual body. What would a CT scan reveal more about Tut than an X-ray? And could it answer two of the biggest questions that still hang over him - how did he die and how old was he at the time of his death?
King Tut's death was a major event, even by royal standards. He was the last of his family, and his funeral was the death rattle of a dynasty. But the details of his death and aftermath are unclear.

Computed tomography – Also called a CT scan, is a three-dimensional scan of a body that is pieced together using hundreds of X-rays in cross section
sinking - death
Death rattle – the gurgling sound made in the throat of a person who is about to die
Aftermath - Aftermath of an unpleasant event

With the advancement of technology, CT scans or computed tomography can now provide a virtual image of the whole body. Using this technology, King Tut's body would be scanned to find answers to two questions - how he died and how old he was at the time of his death.
His death also came as a shock to the royals as he was the last person in his family and his funeral heralded the decline of his dynasty. However, what happened after his death is not yet clear

Class 11 Important Links

Amenhotep III. - Tut's father or grandfather - was a powerful pharaoh who ruled for almost four decades at the height of the golden age of the 18th dynasty. His son Amenhotep IV succeeded him and ushered in one of the strangest periods in the history of ancient Egypt. The new pharaoh promoted worship of the sun disk Aten, changed his name to Akhenaten, or 'servant of Aten', and moved the religious capital from the ancient city of Thebes to the new city of Akhetaten, now known as Amarna. He further shocked the country by attacking Amun, a great god, smashing his images and closing his temples. "It must have been a horrible time," said Ray Johnson, director of the University of Chicago Research Center at Luxor, site of ancient Thebes. "The family that had ruled for centuries came to an end, and then Akhenaten went a little crazy."

Crazy - funny in a weird way

Tut's father or grandfather, Amenhotep III, was a very powerful pharaoh who reigned for forty years. His son, Amenhotep IV, succeeded him and began the strangest period in Egyptian history. He promoted the worship of Aten (the sun disk). He changed his name to Akhenaten, which means "servant of Aten". He also moved the religious capital from Thebes to the new city of Akhenaten, called Amarna. He also attacked Amun, a god, smashed his images and closed his temples. Ray Johnson, director of the University of Chicago, said it must have been a bad time for the empire when the family that had ruled for centuries came to an end and Akhenaten moved in a strange direction.

After Akhenaten's death, a mysterious ruler named Smenkhkare appeared briefly and disappeared almost without a trace. And then a very young Tutankhamen ascended the throne - King Tut, as he is widely known today. The young king soon changed his name to Tutankhamun, "living image of Amun," and oversaw a restoration of ancient customs. He ruled for about nine years - and then died unexpectedly.
Despite his fame and speculation as to his fate, Tut is a mummy among many in Egypt. How many? Nobody knows. The Egyptian Mummy Project, which began taking stock in late 2003, has registered nearly 600 so far and is still counting. The next phase: scanning the mummies with a handheld CT machine donated by the National Geographic Society and Siemens, its manufacturer. King Tut is one of the first mummies to be scanned - in death as in life, majestically ahead of his countrymen.

Another mysterious ruler, Smenkhare, succeeded him and soon died. Next, Tutankhamun, also known as Tut, sat on the throne and ruled for nine years. He worshiped the god Amun in the old way. However, he died mysteriously.
Tut is one of the mummies in Egypt. While nearly 600 mummies have been recorded so far with the help of the Egyptian Mummy Project, launched in 2003. King Tut's mummy was the first to be CT scanned as part of the next phase of scanning the mummies using equipment donated by the National Geographic Society and Siemens.

A CT machine scanned the mummy from head to toe, producing 1,700 cross-sectional digital X-ray images. Tut's head, scanned in 0.62mm slices to capture its intricate structures, takes on eerie detail in the resulting image. After Tut's entire body was similarly recorded, a team of radiology, forensic and anatomy specialists began to explore the mysteries that the winged goddesses of a gilded burial shrine had protected for so long.

Weird Detail - Strange image of Tut's head, visible with the help of a CT scan
Forensics – the application of the scientific method to investigating a crime
Anatomy - the branch of science that studies the anatomy of humans, animals, or other living beings
Burial – burial of the dead
Shrine - sacred place

The CT scan machine scanned the body by creating 1700 digital X-ray images in cross sections. Tut's head was scanned in 0.62mm slices to record the minute details. The resulting image was very strange. A team of radiology, forensic and anatomy experts began investigating the mysteries of the tomb, which had long been protected by flying goddesses.

On the night of the scan, workers carried Tut out of the tomb in his box. Like pallbearers, they climbed a ramp and stairs into the swirling sand outside, then used a hydraulic hoist to climb into the trailer containing the scanner. Twenty minutes later, two men appeared, sprinted to a nearby office, and returned with a pair of white plastic fans. The million-dollar scanner had stopped because of sand in a radiator fan. "Curse of the Pharaoh," joked a guard nervously.

Eventually the replacement fans worked well enough to complete the procedure. After verifying that no data had been lost, the technicians handed Tut over to the workers, who carried him back to his grave. Less than three hours after being removed from his coffin, the pharaoh rested in peace where the funeral priests had buried him so long ago.

Pallbearer - a person who helps escort a coffin at a funeral
Twirl - twist or turn
Hydraulic Elevator – an elevator that uses a machine to lift or move heavy objects with pressure
Sprint - run at high speed

During the night, workers climbed the ramp and stairs to carry the corpse out of the tomb and onto the turning sands outside. They lifted the body onto a hydraulic hoist and then into a trailer where the scanner was stored. After twenty minutes, two men ran to the nearby office to bring two fans. The scanner did not work because the sand had entered a radiator fan. The guard joked that it was because of Pharaoh's curse that they removed his body.

As soon as the fans worked, the procedure was over. The data was checked in case of loss, and then technicians handed the body over to the pallbearers, who carried it back to its grave. In less than three hours he was resting in the same spot where the priests had laid him many years ago.

Back in the trailer, a technician showed amazing images of Tut on a computer screen. A gray head took shape from a scattering of pixels, and the technician turned and tilted it in all directions. Cervical vertebrae appeared as clearly as in an anatomy class. Other images showed a hand, multiple views of the rib cage, and a transection of the skull. But now the pressure was off. Zahi Hawass leaned back in his chair and smiled, relieved that nothing had gone seriously wrong. "I didn't sleep last night, not for a second," he said. "I was so worried. But now I think I'll go and sleep."

By the time we left the trailer and descended the metal stairs to the sandy ground, the wind had stopped. The winter air lay cold and still as death itself in this valley of the dead. Just above the entrance to Tut's tomb

Orion - the constellation known to the ancient Egyptians as the soul of Osiris, god of the afterlife - stood watching over the young king.
Amazing - amazing
Pixel - A pixel is a single point in a graphic image
Spun - turn over
Vertebrae - A series of small bones that form a backbone

See also–Class 12 English Chapter by chapter explanation

In the trailer, the technician showed a beautiful image of Tut on a computer screen. He showed the gray head, scattered in pixels, and turned it around. Next were the vertebrae, hand, rib cage, and cross-section of his skull. With the job done, the pressure was finally off Zahi Hawass' shoulders. While sitting in his chair, he smiled and said he was relieved that nothing went wrong. He hadn't slept last night and now when the work was done he would go to bed.
By the time they left the caravan, the wind had stopped and the winter air was like death itself. Directly above the tomb, the constellation of Orion shone in the night sky, watching over the young king.

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Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues Question and Answers

understand the text
1. Justify the following.
(i) King Tut's body was repeatedly examined.

Answer:King Tut's body has been repeatedly examined for its history, the treasures it was buried with, and to learn the reason for his death.

(ii) Howard Carter's investigation was denied.

Answer:Howard Carter's inquest was denied because of his unscientific methods of removing his body from the grave. He also focused more on Tut's wealth and less on solving the mystery of Tut's life and death.

(iii) Carter had to chisel away the solidified resins to raise the king's remains.

Answer:Carter had to chisel away the solidified resins to lift the king's remains because the body was glued to the bottom of the solid gold coffin when the resins hardened. No amount of force could move the body away, nor did holding the body in the sun below 149 degrees Fahrenheit.

(iv) Tut's body was buried with gilded treasures.

Answer:Tut's body was buried with gilded treasures as the ancient Egyptian kings were very wealthy. They also believed that kings would take all treasures with them into their afterlife.

(v) The young king changed his name from Tutankhamun to Tutankhamun.

Answer:Tutankhamun means "living image of Amun". Amun was a major god of ancient Egypt. Amenhotep III smashed and closed his temples, later Tut restored his temples and faith in his empire. So he changed his name from Tutankhamun to Tutankhamun to choose his belief in the god.

2. (i) List the actions that led Ray Johnson to call Akhenaten "mad."

Answer:According to Ray Johnson, Akhenaten was insane for the following reasons:

1. · He smashed and closed Amun's images.
2. · He worshiped Aten, the disk of the sun
3. · He moved the religious capital from the city of Thebes to the new city of Akhenaten, called Amarna
4. · He changed his name to Akhenaten

(ii) What were the results of the CT scan?

Answer:The results of the CT scan were amazing, namely 1700 digital X-rays intersecting each other to create a three-dimensional image. A gray head appeared and its vertebrae were shown. The images of the hand, chest and skull were shown which were so clear.

(iii) List technological advances that have improved forensic analysis.

Answer:With advances in technology, it has become possible to perform many scientific tests more accurately to determine the cause of a crime. X-ray, CT scan, autopsy, biopsy and autopsy are now possible.

(iv) Explain the statement: "King Tut is one of the first mummies to be scanned - in death as in life..."

Answer:Tut's mummy was the first to be X-rayed in 1968 and later, in 2005, the first to be scanned by computed tomography (CT). CT scans revealed new three-dimensional images of his body that answered many questions.

Talk about the text

In groups of two pairs, discuss the following, each pair in a group taking opposite viewpoints.
1. Scientific interventions are necessary to uncover buried secrets.

Answer:To the:
In order to understand the mysteries and history of the past, it is necessary to uncover certain buried mysteries. It can help to find answers to the questions and gives us an idea of ​​past lives and how they used to live. Example - the scientific intervention of the Indus Civilization.
Versus:
There is no doubt that scientific interventions can be useful, but they take advantage of buried victims' valuable assets. We can use the money associated with studying the mummies to help develop the resources.

2. Advanced technology gives us conclusive evidence of past events.

Answer:To the:
With the advanced technology, it helps us to learn about the past and those involved. Through a CT scan, it was possible to get an image of King Tut and his body. It helped solve mysteries about death. It provides data for forensic reconstruction and satellite imagery helps in finding burial sites. Various software can be used to calculate the date and time of an event that has occurred in the past.
Versus:
After CT result images from Tut, no conclusion could be drawn yet. Instead of focusing and spending time and money on past events, government should focus on the present and future.

3. Traditions, rituals and burial practices must be respected.

Answer:
To the:
Each religion has its own traditions, rituals, and burial practices that must be respected. It should not be disturbed like Carter did with King Tut's tomb.
Versus:
There is much speculation about ancient history, traditions, rituals and burial practices that should be clarified in order to know the truth. The people living in modern times should obey anything that may endanger their lives or cause conflicts between communities.

4. Knowledge of the past is useful to complete our knowledge of the world we live in.

Answer:To the:
Knowing about past events and important figures helps us to understand where our roots come from. It helps us to understand how our modern world gradually came into being. From past experiences and lessons we learn not to make the same mistake, or we gradually become more vigilant. Knowing about the life of King Tut and getting answers to the questions helped us understand the pharaoh dynasty and the Egyptian empire.
Versus:
Always digging into the past doesn't help as it just wastes time and resources. Nobody can change the past and we cannot change what has already happened. So we should focus on what the present and future will bring for us and we must work to make our tomorrow better. It can't help us to rant about what happened yesterday.

thinking about language

2. What do you think are the reasons for the extinction of languages?

Answer:A language can become extinct for many reasons. As the world adjusts with technology and progress, they make changes accordingly. For example, the Sanskrit language cannot be used by humans on a daily basis. However, in ancient times it was a language used both orally and in writing. Even if some level of restrictions are placed on a certain class of people not to use a language. It may gradually die out.

3. Do you think it is important to preserve languages?

Answer:Yes, it is very important to preserve languages ​​as they help us understand our culture and traditions. It helps in cultural development and it helps us connect to the important past events. It gives us knowledge about literature and the history of the language.

4. How do you think we can help prevent languages ​​and dialects from dying out?

Answer:We could help prevent languages ​​and dialects from dying out in the following ways:
1. By including the teaching of languages ​​and dialects in school and university curricula
2. By promoting the oral use of language and dialects.
3. By conducting seminars and plays to pass knowledge of languages ​​and dialects to ordinary people.
4. By inviting people to take part in a multi-month course on learning languages ​​and dialects.

Working with words
1. Below are some interesting word combinations. Explain why they were used together.
(i) spooky dust devils (vi) dark-bellied clouds
(ii) Desert Sky (vii) Casket grey
(iii) stunning artifacts (viii) eternal brilliance
(iv) grave treasures (ix) ritual resins
(v) scientific distancing (x) virtual bodies

Answer:
(i) spooky dust devils - It refers to the wrath of the dusty winds through terrible movements upon those people trying to disturb the king.
(ii) Desert Sky - refers to the sombre sky of the desert.
(iii) Stunning Artifacts - It refers to the beautiful objects found in the tomb.
(iv) Funerary treasures - the gold objects kept during the king's funeral because the Egyptians believed there was life after death.
(v) scientific detachment - refers to indifference to science.
(vi) Dark Belly Clouds - dark clouds containing rain
(vii) Casket Gray - It refers to the stars covered by dark-bellied clouds, just as jewels are kept in a casket
(viii) eternal brilliance – refers to the timeless brilliance and brilliance of the king's gold and other valuable objects
(ix) Ritual Resins - it is a customary duty in the burial of a dead body
(x) Virtual body - three-dimensional body created by CT scan.

2. Here are some commonly used medical terms. Find out their meaning.

CT Scan - It is a three-dimensional scan of a body using hundreds of X-rays assembled in cross-section

MRI – Magnetic Resonance Imaging, a medical examination that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create a detailed picture of the body's organs
Tomography - a technique of imaging a cross-section of a human body using hundreds of X-rays or ultrasound
Autopsy - an autopsy to determine the cause of death of the dead person
Dialysis – the process of cleaning blood using a machine that acts as a kidney replacement
EKG – Also known as electrocardiography, it is a procedure to test for signs of heart disease by recording electrical activity through small electrodes attached to the chest, arms and legs
Post Mortem - an examination of a corpse to determine the cause of death
Angiography - radiography of blood or lymphatic vessels
Biopsy - Examination of tissue taken from a living being to determine the cause of the disease

above

Discovering Tut: The saga continues Answers to additional questions

Q1 Who was Tutanchamun / Tut?

A1. King Tut was the last heir of a powerful Egyptian dynasty. He reigned only nine years and died under mysterious circumstances 3,300 years ago.

Q2. How and by whom was Tut's tomb discovered?

A2. Howard Carter, a British archaeologist, has been searching for King Tut's mummy for a long time. He finally discovered her in 1922. When he finally reached the mummy, he found it cemented to the bottom of his gold coffin due to the hardening of the ritual resins. He had to find a way to separate the mummy from its base. First he posed

he takes the mummy outside, hoping to spend several hours melting the resin in the scorching heat of the sun. But nothing has moved. In order to save the gold, he had to make the decision to cut the mummy free. His men removed the mummy's head and cut off almost every joint. After completing the task, they reassembled the remains on a layer of sand in a wooden box with padding that hid the damage.

He was blamed for this by Zahi Hawass, Secretary General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities of Egypt. "The mummy is in very bad shape because of what Carter did," he said.

Q3 Why is Tut called the "last heir"?

A3. King Tut reigned only nine years and died under mysterious circumstances. He was the last of his family, so it was the death of the dynasty after him.

Q4 Who is Osiris?

A4. Osiris was the god of the afterlife for the ancient Egyptians. It was a constellation watching over the young king.

Osiris is the god of fertility, agriculture, the afterlife, the dead, resurrection, life and vegetation in ancient Egyptian religion. He was classically depicted as a green-skinned deity with a pharaoh's beard, whose legs were partially wrapped in mummies, wearing a prominent atef crown, and holding a symbolic crook and flail. He was one of the first to be associated with the mummy shell. When his brother Set cut him into pieces after killing him, Isis, his wife, found all the pieces and wrapped his body so he could be brought back to life.

Q5. Who are the main characters in the story?

A5. King Tut: Very little is known about King Tut because he died very young, 3,300 years ago, under mysterious circumstances. No one knows what happened to him, whether he was murdered or died of other causes. He is considered the last heir of his family line.

Howard Carter: Howard Carter was a British archaeologist. He was

in search of King Tut's tomb. He discovered it in 1922 after years of fruitless searching.

He didn't take away any of his riches because he was more interested in King Tut's coffin and made discoveries about his death, which was a mystery. Tut had died very young.

Ancestors of King Tut: King Tut's grandfather, Amenhotep II, was a powerful pharaoh who reigned for almost four decades at the height of Amenhotep IV, who promoted the worship of the sun disc. He shocked the country by shattering the images of Amun, a great god, and closing his temples. He even moved his capital from Thebes to a new city, Akhetaten. After his death, a mysterious ruler named Smenkhkare briefly appeared and disappeared without a trace.

It was then that the young Tutankhamen sat on the throne, now known as Tut. The young king soon changed his name to Tutankhamun, the living image of Amun, and

the old ways restored. This made him very famous. But, alas, he lived only about nine years and died unexpectedly.

Q6. Work out the theme of Discovering Tut: The saga continues.

A6. This lesson is about an Egyptian pharaoh named Tutankhamen. Tut was the last ruler of a famous dynasty. As rulers of a rich civilization, they conquered lands and lived in splendor, bringing many changes with them. After their death they were buried in pyramids.

People believed that a dead person needed everyday things in their next life as well, so Tut's body was buried with many treasures alongside the everyday necessities. His body was laid on a bed of gold and adorned with costly necklaces, collars, bracelets,

Rings, etc. The coffin was gold. There was so much gold that over time the mummy became attached to the gold and scientists had to chisel it out to separate the body for examination. King Tut was the last heir of a powerful dynasty that had ruled Egypt for centuries. He died a very early death when he was just 18 years old. Since the discovery of his tomb in 1922, the world has speculated a lot about him. Tut's mummy had to undergo a CT scan, which provided new clues about his life and death. His mummy was one of the first to undergo a CT scan, so in death as in life he majestically preceded his compatriots.

F7. Tell us about the author of Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues.

A7. A. R. Williams developed a love of reading from an early age, and when he was given the task of writing his own novels in fourth grade, it occurred to him that he, too, could make up stories for others.

Although A.R. Not immediately following that craving, he continued to have an insatiable hunger for reading, from the amazing comics of Spider-Man, The X-Men, and Elf Quest to the fantasy tales of Weiss and Hickman in The Dragonlance Chronicles, and the Science -Fictional adventures of Miles and Aral Vorkosigan in Lois McMaster Bujold's Tales of Barrayar.

While a member of a book club, A.R. discovered that there were books teaching amateur writers more about the craft of writing. He snagged a brace written by Phyllis A. Whitney. Shortly thereafter, A.R. the shelves of bookstores, added to his library and slowly learned different facets of what it means to be a writer. He began to put this knowledge to the test by inventing stories of the imagination in science fiction and fantasy genres.

To hone his skills, A.R. Williams joined the Science Fiction and Fantasy Online Writing Workshop when it was still being run by Del Rey. The reviews he received and gave helped further hone his developing talent. At that time A.R. wrote more, but did not submit his work for the market. With the advancement of the internet and the ability to find new markets on sites like Ralan's and Duotrope's Digest, A.R. entered the field in a serious bid to become a published author.

Q8 In Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues, what does "saga" mean?

A8.Sagawas originally used to describe Icelandic prose tales written in the 12th and 13th centuries. The word first appeared in English in this sense in the 18th century; In the middle of the 19th century we employedSagaa little looser, based on modern heroic tales that bore a certain resemblance to the Icelandic tales of yesteryear. Until the 20th centurySagahas been applied to other written works, typically a novel or series of novels, particularly those that took place over a period of time. Today the word can also be used to describe a long and drawn out story, either written or spoken (as in “my neighbor retold me the story of his divorce”).Sagacomes from an Old Norse word of the same spelling. It has no connection with the adjectiveperceptive(“possessing quick intellectual perceptions”), which comes from Latinget it("sharp").

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